Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of neurostimulation that uses constant, low current delivered to the brain area of interest via electrodes on the scalp. Via tDCS the excitability of sensory-motor brain areas of the hand can be modulated and these areas can be activated or inhibited. We use tDCS in order to modify and optimize brain activity of the motor cortex in healthy pianists. Furthermore we apply it as a treatment in musicians suffering from a loss of motor control, such as musician’s dystonia (Furuya et al. 2013).